Implications of the Floral Herbivory on Malpighiacea Plant Fitness: Visual Aspect of the Flower affects the attractiveness to Pollinators

Authors

  • Clébia Aparecida Ferreira Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
  • Helena Maura Torezan-Silingardi Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.323-328

Keywords:

E xperimental manipulation, Florivory, Fruiting

Abstract

The Malpighiaceae family is species-rich and is abundant in Brazil. Malpighiaceae flowers provide oil and pollen to pollinating bees and serve as food for herbivorous insects, which damage the floral structures. Although common in the Cerrado, florivory is still poorly studied. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of florivory in one of the most common genera of Malpighiaceae in the Cerrado (Banisteriopsis) and the impact of florivory on fruiting. The florivory rate was quantified in flowers of B. malifolia belonging to two morphotypes and in flowers of B. variabilis. Additionally, a petal-removal experiment was performed, which simulated the presence of damage in the flowers. The manipulation involved a control group with intact flowers, a group without the standard petal and a group of flowers without common petals. The florivory in the petals (floral area lost) differed between the species, and B. malifolia was the most damaged. The experimental manipulation revealed that intact flowers had a higher fruiting rate compared with the remaining flowers. These results reinforce the concept that florivory renders flowers less attractive to pollinating bees, which negatively affects the fruiting rate and the reproductive success of plants. We suggest that basic studies (such as the present investigation) be extended to further elucidate the effect of interactions between pollinators, plants, and herbivores on the general structure of communities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alves-Silva, E. Barônio, G.J., Torezan-Silingardi H.M. & Del-Claro, K. (2012) Foraging behavior of Brachygastra lecheguana (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) on Banisteriopsis malifolia (Malpighiaceae): Extrafloral nectar consumption and herbivore predation in a tending ant system. Entomol. Sci. 16(2):162-169. doi:10.1111/ens.12004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ens.12004

Alves-silva, E., Bächtold, A., Barônio, G.J. & Del-Claro, K. (2013). Influence of Camponotus blandus (Formicinae) and flower buds on the occurrence

of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Banisteriopsis malifolia (Malpighiaceae). Sociobiology, 60(1): 30-34. doi: 10.13102/sociobiology.v60i1.30-34 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v60i1.30-34

Anderson, W.R. (1979). Floral conservatism in neotropical Malpighiaceae. Biotropica, 11: 219-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2388042

Anderson, W.R. (1990). The origin of the Malpighiaceae - the evidence from morphology. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard., 64: 210-224.

Bachtold A., Del Claro, K., Kaminski, L.A., Freitas, A.V.L. & Oliveira, P.S. (2012). Natural history of an ant-plant butterfly interaction in a neotropical savanna. J. Nat. Hist., 46: 15-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.651649

Byk, J. & Del-Claro, K. (2010). Nectar- and pollen-gathering Cephalotes ants provide no protection against herbivory: a new manipulative experiment to test ant protective capabilities. Acta Ethol., 13: 33-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10211-010-0071-8

Del-Claro, K., Guillermo-Ferreira, R., Almeida, E.M., Zardini, H. & Torezan-Silingardi, H.M. (2013). Ants Visiting the Post-Floral Secretions of Pericarpial Nectaries in Palicourea rigida (Rubiaceae) Provide Protection against Leaf Herbivores but not against Seed Parasites. Sociobiology, 60(3): 219-223. doi:10.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.219-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.217-221

Diniz, I.R., Morais, H.C. & Hay, J.D. (2000). Natural history of herbivores feeding on Byrsonima species. Braz. J. Ecol., 2: 49-54.

Fraze J.E & Marquis R.J. (1994) Environmental contribution to floral trait variation in Chamaecrista fasciculata (Fabaceae: Caesalpinoideae). Am. J. Bot. 81: 206-215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1994.tb15431.x

Frey, F.M. (2004). Opposing natural selection from herbivores and pathogens may maintain floral-color variation in Claytonia virginica (Portulacaceae). Evolution, 58: 2426-2437. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00872.x

Gaglianone, M.C. (2005). Abelhas coletoras de óleos e flores de Malpighiaceae. In V.R. Gates, B. (1983). Banisteriopsis, Diplopterys (Malpighiaceae). Flora Neotrop., 30: 1-236.

Giulietti, A.M., Harley, R.M., Queiroz, L.P., Wanderley, M.G. & Van Den Berg, C. (2005). Biodiversidade e conservação das plantas no Brasil. Megadiversidade, 1: 52-61.

Gullan, P.J & Cranston, P.S. (2006). The insects: an outline of entolomogy. 4th edition. Wiley-Blackwell Science, 565 p.

Gumbert, A. (2000). Color choices by bumble bees (Bombus terrestris): Innate preferences and generalization after learning. Behav. Ecol. Socio., 48: 36-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002650000213

Hendrix, S.D. & Trapp, E.J. (1989). Floral herbivory in Pastinaca sativa: Do compensatory responses offset reductions in fitness? Evolution. 43: 891-895. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb05186.x

Irwin, R.E. & Strauss, S.Y. (2005). Flower color microevolution in wild radish: Evolutionary response to pollinator-mediated selection. Am. Nat., 165: 225-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/426714

Karban R. & Strauss S.Y. (1993) Effects of herbivores on growth and production of their perennial host, Erigeron glaucus. Ecology 74: 39-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1939499

Krupnick, G.A. & Weis, A.E. (1999).The effect of floral herbivory on male and female reproductive success in Isomeris arborea. Ecology, 80:135-1149 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/176985

Krupnick, G.A., Weis, A.E. & Campbell, D.R. (1999). The consequences of floral herbivory for pollinator service to Isomeris arborea. Ecology, 80: 125-134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[0125:TCOFHF]2.0.CO;2

Leavitt, H. & Robertson, I.C. (2006). Petal herbivory by chrysomelid beetles (Phyllotretasp.) is detrimental to pollination and seed production in Lepidium papilliferum (Brassicaceae). Ecol. Entomol., 31: 657-660. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00820.x

Lowenberg, G. J. (1994). "Effects of Floral Herbivory on Maternal Reproduction in Sanicula Arctopoides (Apiaceae)." Ecology 75: 359-369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1939540

Mabberley, D.J. (1997). The plant-book. Bath: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Mccall, A.C. & Irwin, R.E. (2006). Florivory: The intersection of pollination and herbivory. Ecol. Lett., 9: 1351-1365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00975.x

Miller, R., Owens, S.J. & Rorslett, B. (2011). Plants and colours: Flowers and pollination. Opt. Laser Technol., 43: 282-294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2008.12.018

Oki, Y. (2005). Interações entre larvas de Lepidoptera e as espécies de Malpighiaceae em dois fragmentos de Cerrado do Estado de São Paulo. Tese de doutorado, Universidade de São, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.

Ollerton, J.,Winfree, R. &Tarrant, S. (2011). How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals? Oikos, 120: 321-326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18644.x

Price, P.W. Denno, R.F. Eubanks, M.D. Finke, D.L. & Kaplan, I. (2011). Insect Ecology: Behavior, Populations and Communities. Cambridge University. Press, 801 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511975387

Ratter, J.A., Ribeiro, J.F. & Bridgewater, S. (1997). The Brazilian Cerrado vegetation and threats to its biodiversity. Ann. Bot., 80: 223-230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1997.0469

Reu, W. F. & Del-Claro, K. (2005). Natural History and Biology of Chlamisus minax Lacordaire (Chrysomelidae: Chlamisinae). Neotrop. Entomol., 34: 357-362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2005000300001

Romero, G.Q. & Vasconcellos-Neto, J. (2007). Aranhas sobre plantas: dos comportamentos de forrageamento às associações específicas. In M.O. Gonzaga, A.J. Santos & H.F. Japyassú (Eds.), Ecologia e comportamento de aranhas (pp. 68-87). Rio de Janeiro: Interciência.

Salomão, A.T., Martins, L.F., Ribeiro, R.S. & Romero, G.Q. (2006). Effects of patch size and floral herbivory on seed in Trichogoniopsis adenantha (Asteraceae) in Southeastern Brazil. Biotropica, 38: 272-275. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00136.x

Sigrist, M.R. & Sazima, M. (2004). Pollination and reproductive biology of twelve species of neotropical Malpighiaceae: Stigma morphology and its implications for the breeding system. Ann. Bot., 94: 33-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mch108

Sober, V., Teder, T. & Moora, M. (2010). Contrasting effects of plant population size on florivory and pollination. Basic Appl. Ecol., 10: 737-744. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2009.06.003

Stout, J. C. (2000). Does size matter? Bumblebee behaviour and the pollination of Cytisuss coparius L. (Fabaceae).Apidologie, 31:129-139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2000111

Strauss, S.Y. (1997). Floral characters link herbivores, pollinators, and plant fitness. Ecology, 78: 1640-1645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1640:FCLHPA]2.0.CO;2

Strauss, S.Y., Conner, J.K. & Rush, S.L. (1996). Foliar herbivory affects floral characters and plant attractiveness to pollinators: Implications for male and female plant fit- ness. Am. Nat., 147: 1098-1107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/285896

Thompson, J.D. (2010). How do visitation patterns vary among pollinators in relation to floral display and floral design in a generalist pollination system? Oecologia, 126: 386-394. doi: 10.1007/s004420000531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000531

Thompson, J.N (2012). O Futuro dos estudos em interações plantas-animais. In K. Del-Claro & H.M. Torezan-Silingardi (Eds.), Ecologia das interações Plantas-animais: uma abordagem ecológico-evolutiva (pp. 307-318). Rio de Janeiro: Technical books.

Torezan-Silingardi H.M. (2011). Predatory behavior of Pachodynerus brevithorax (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Eumeninae) on endophytic herbivore beetles in the Brazilian tropical savanna. Sociobiology, 57: 181-190.

Torezan-Silingardi, H.M. (2007). A influência dos herbívoros florais, dos polinizadores e das características fenológicas sobre a frutificação de espécies da família Malpighiaceae em um Cerrado de Minas Gerais. Tese de doutorado, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.

Vogel, S. (1974).Ölblumen und ölsammelndeBienen. Akademie der Wissenchaften und der Literatur. Tropische und subtropischePflanzenwelt 7. Franz. Steiner Verlag. Wiesbaden. J. Bot. Tax. Geo., 88: 136-137. doi: 10.1002/fedr.19770880110 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19770880110

Vogel, S. (1990). History of the Malpighiaceae in the light of pollination ecology. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard., 55: 130-142.

Waser, N.M. &. Price, M.V. (1981). Pollinator choice and stabilizing selection for flower color in Delphinium nelsonii. Evolution, 35:376–390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04896.x

Downloads

Published

2013-11-06

How to Cite

Ferreira, C. A., & Torezan-Silingardi, H. M. (2013). Implications of the Floral Herbivory on Malpighiacea Plant Fitness: Visual Aspect of the Flower affects the attractiveness to Pollinators. Sociobiology, 60(3), 323–328. https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v60i3.323-328

Issue

Vol. 60 No. 3 (2013)

Section

Research Article - Bees

License

Sociobiology is a diamond open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

 

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

 

    1. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

 

  1. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Most read articles by the same author(s)