Leveduras killer: biologia, ecologia e aplicações biotecnológicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13102/scb8113Resumo
A atividade killer de leveduras tem sido observada em mais de 90 espécies e diversas toxinas killer (micocinas) produzidas por linhagens pertencentes a diversos gêneros têm sido extensivamente estudadas. Muitos estudos têm destacado as aplicações biotecnológicas do fenômeno killer: (i) controle de leveduras contaminantes de processos fermentativos; (ii) taxonomia e biotipagem de leveduras de interesse clínico e industrial; e (iii) aplicações biomédicas como novos agentes antimicóticos. Este trabalho de revisão aborda as potenciais aplicações do sistema killer de leveduras com base em estudos até o momento realizados, demonstrando o potencial biotecnológico dessas leveduras.
Downloads
Referências
Betancourt S, LG Torres-Bauza & N Rodrýguez-Del Valle. 1985. Molecular and cellular events during the yeast to mycelium transition in Sporothrix schenckii. Sabouraudia 23: 207-218.
Bevan EA & M Makower. 1963. The physiological basis of the killer character in yeast. In: International Conference on Genetics, 11. Proceedings… London: Academic Press 1: 203.
Boone C, A-M Sdicu, J Wagner, R Degre, C Sanchez & H Bussey. 1990. Integration of the yeast Kl killer toxin gene into the genome of marked wine yeasts and its effect on vinification. Am. J. Enol. Vit. 41: 37-42.
Bortol A, C Nudel, E Fraille, R de Torres, A Giuletti, JFT Spencer & D Spencer. 1986. Isolation of yeast with killer activity and its breeding with an industrial baking strain by protoplast fusion. Appl. Microbial. Biotechnol. 24: 414-416.
Bussey H & N Skipper. 1976. Killing of Torulopsis glabrata by Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer factor. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 9: 352-354.
Buzzini P & A Martini. 2001. Large-scale screening of selected Candida maltosa, Debaryomyces hansenii and Pichia anomala killer toxin activity against pathogenic yeasts. Med. Mycol. 39: 479-482.
Buzzini P, L Corazzi, B Turchetti, Buratta & A Martini. 2004. Characterization of the in vitro antimycotic activity of a novel killer protein from Williopsis saturnus DBVPG 4561 against emerging pathogenic yeasts. FEMS Microbiology Letters 238: 359-365.
Cailliez JC, N Seguy, EM Aliouat, L Polonelli, D Camus & E Dei-Cas. 1994. The yeast killer phenomenon: a hypothetical way to control Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Méd. Hypoth. 43: 167-171.
Caprilli F, G Prignano, C Latella & S Tavarozzi. 1985. Amplification of the killer system for differentiation of Candida albicans strains. Mykosen 28: 569-573.
Comitini F, N Pietro, L Zacchi, I Mannazu & M Ciani. 2004. Kluyveromyces phaffii killer toxin active against wine spoilage yeasts: purification and characterization. Microbiology 150: 2535-2541.
Dignard D, M Whiteway, D Germain, D Tessier & DY Thomas. 1991. Expression in yeast of a cDNA copy of the K2 killer toxin gene. Mol. Gen. Genet. 227: 127-136.
Fiori PL, A Mattana, D Dessì, S Conti, W Magliani & L Polonelli. 2006. In vitro acanthamoebicidal activity of a killer monoclonal antibody and a synthetic peptide. J Antimicrob Chemother 57: 891-898.
Ganter PF, WT Starmer, M Lachance & HJ Phaff. 1986. Yeast communities from host plants and associated Drosophila in southern Arizona: new isolates and analysis of the relative importance of hosts and vectors on community composition. Oecologia 70: 386-392.
Golubev WI. 1998. Mycocins (killer toxins), p. 55-62. In: CP Kurtzman & JW Fell (eds.). The yeasts, a taxonomic study. London: Academic Press.
Golubev WI & LB Kuznetsova. 1989. Formation and spectrum of action of mycocins of the basidiomycete yeast Cryptococcus laurentii (Kufferath) Skinner. Mikrobiologiya 58: 980-984.
Golubev W & Y Shabalin. 1994. Microcin production by the yeast Cryptococcus humicola. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 119: 105-110.
Govan JR. 1986. In vivo significance of bacteriocins and bacteriocin receptors. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl. 49: 31-37.
Hamal P, D Koukalová & V Hájek. 1998. Personal experience with classification of yeast microorganisms. I. The combined biotyping method of Mencl and Otcenásek and typing using the “killer” phenomenon. Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 47: 87-92.
Hara S, Y Imura & K Otsuka. 1980. Breeding of useful killer wine yeasts. Am. J. Enol. Vit. 31: 28-33.
Hardy KG. 1975. Colicinogeny and related phenomena. Bacteriol. Rev. 39: 464-515.
Hodgson VJ, D Button & GM Walker. 1995. Anti-Candida activity of a novel killer toxin from the yeast Williopsis mrakii. Microbiology 141: 2003-2012.
Javadekar VS, H Siva Raman & DV Gokhale. 1995. Industrial yeast strain improvement: construction of a highly occulent yeast with a killer character by protoplast fusion. J. Indust. Microbiol. 15: 94-102.
Kurtzman CP & JW Fell. 2006. Yeast systematics and phylogeny - implications of molecular identification methods for studies in ecology, p. 11-30. In: CA Rosa & G Peter (eds.). The yeast handbook. Germany: Springer-Verlag Berlin Herdelberg.
Kurtzman CP & J Piskur. 2006. Taxonomy and phylogenetic diversity among the yeasts, p. 29-46. In: P Sunnerhagen & J Piskur (eds.). Comparative genomics: using fungi as models. Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Lachance M-A, DG Gilbert & WT Starmer. 1995. Yeast communities associated with Drosophila species and related flies in an eastern oak-pine forest: a comparison with western communities. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 14: 484-494.
Laplace GM, JP Delgenes, R Moletta & JM Navarro. 1992. Alcoholic glucose and xylose fermentations by the coculture process. Compatibility and typing of associated strains. Can. J. Microbiol. 38: 654-658.
Lathan BP. 1998. Yeast community persistence in a spatially structured environment. Microbial Ecology 36: 60-65.
Lowes KF, CA Shearman, J Payne, D MacKenzie, DB Archer, RJ Merry & MJ Gasson. 2000. Prevention of yeast spoilage in feed and food by the yeast mycocine HMK. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 1066-1076.
Magliani W, S Conti, S Arseni, R Frazzi, A Salati & L Polonelli. 2001. Killer anti-idiotypes in the control of fungal infections. Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs 2: 477-479.
Magliani W, S Conti, R Frazzi, L Ravanetti, DL Maffei & L Polonelli. 2005. Protective antifungal yeast killer toxin-like antibodies. Curr. Mol. Med. 5: 443-452.
Magliani W, S Conti, M Gerloni, D Bertolotti & L Polonelli. 1997. Yeast killer system. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 10: 369-400.
Magliani W, S Conti, A Salati, S Vaccari, L Ravanetti, DL Maffei & L Polonelli. 2004. Therapeutic potential of yeast killer toxin-like antibodies and mimotopes. FEMS Yeast Res. 5: 11-18.
Marquina D, A Santos & JM Peinado. 2002. Biology of killer yeasts. Int. Microbiol. 5: 65-71.
Mattews HL, S Conti, L Witek-Janusek& L Polonelli. 1998. Efect of Pichia anomala killer toxin on Candida albicans. Med. Mycol. 36: 199-204.
Morace G, C Archibusacci, M Sestito & L Polonelli. 1984. Strain diferentiation of pathogenic yeast by the killer system. Mycopathologia 84: 81-85.
Morace G, G Dettori, M Sanguinetti, S Manzara & L Polonelli. 1988. Biotyping of aerobic actinomycetes by modified killer system. Eur. J. Epidemiol 4: 99-103.
Nally MC, YP Maturano, F Vázquez & ME Toro. 2005. Behaviour of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer yeast and its isogenic sensitive one with respect to different nitrogen sources in mixed cultures. Rev. Argent. Microbiol. 37: 73-77.
Palpacelli V, M Ciani & G Rosini. 1991. Activity of different ‘killer’ yeasts on strains of yeast species undesirable in the food industry. FEMS Microbial. Lett. 84: 75-78.
Pérez-Nevado F, H Albergaria, T Hogg & F Girio. 2006. Cellular death of two non-Saccharomyces wine-related yeasts during mixed fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 108: 336-345.
Polonelli L, S Conti & M Gerloni. 1991. Antibiobodies: antibiotic-like antiidiotypic antibodies. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 29: 235-242.
Polonelli L & G Morace. 1983. Yeast nosocomial infections. Ig. Mod. 79: 315-334.
Polonelli L, C Archibusacci, M Sestito & G Morace. 1983. Killer system: a simple method for differentiating Candida albicans strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 17: 774-780.
Polonelli L, G Dettori, C Cattel & G Morace. 1987.Biotyping of mycelial fungus cultures by the killer system. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 3: 237-242.
Polonelli L, W Magliani, S Conti, L Bracci, L Lozzi, P Neri, D Adriani, F De Bernardis & A Cassone. 2003. Therapeutic activity of an engineered synthetic killer antiidiotypic antibody fragment against experimental mucosal and systemic candidiasis. Infect. Immun. 71: 6205-6212.
Polonelli L, M Castagnola, DV Rossetti & G Morace. 1985. Use of killer toxins for computer-aided differentiation of Candida albicans strains. Mycopathologia 91: 175-179.
Polonelli L, R Lorenzini, F De Bernardis & G Morace. 1986. Potential therapeutic effect of yeast killer toxin. Mycopathologia 96: 103-107.
Polonelli L, S Conti, L Campani, G Morace & F Fanti. 1989. Yeast killer toxins and dimorphism. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27: 1423-1425.
Provost F, L Polonelli, S Conti, P Fisicaro, M Gerloni & P Boiron. 1995. Use of yeast killer system to identify species of the Nocardia asteroides complex. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 8-10.
Sangorrín MP, IE Zajonskovsky, CA Lopes, ME Rodriguez, MR Giraudo de Van Brook & AC Caballero. 2001. Killer behaviour in wild wine yeasts associated with Merlot and Malbec type musts spontaneously fermented from northwestern Patagonia (Argentina). 41: 105-113.
Santos A & D Marquina. 2004. Killer toxin of Pichia membranifaciens and its possible use as a biocontrol agent against grey mould disease of grapevine. Microbiology 150: 2527-2534.
Schaal KP & H Reutersberg. 1978. Numerical taxonomy of Nocardia asteroides, p. 53-62. In: M Mordaski, W Kurylowicz & J Jeljaszewicz (eds.). Nocardia and Streptomyces., Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Schmitt MJ. 1995. Cloning and expression of a cDNA copy of the viral K28 killer toxin gene in yeast. Mol. Gen. Genet. 246: 236-246.
Sclafani RA & WL Fangman. 1984. Conservative replication of yeast double-stranded RNA by displacement of progeny single strands. Mol. Cel. Biol. 4: 1618-1626.
Seki T, E Choi & D Ryu. 1985. Construction of killer wine yeast strain. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 49: 1211-1215.
Soares GAM & HH Sato. 2000. Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisae Y500-4L killer toxin. Braz. J. Microbiol. 31: 291-297.
Somers JM & EA Bevan. 1969. The inheritance of the killer character in yeast. Genet. Res. 13: 71-83.
Sreenivas Rao RS, K Prakasham, S Krishna Prasad, PN Rajesham, L Sarma & RAO Venkateswar. 2004. Xylitol production by Candida sp.: parameter optimization using Taguchi approach. Process Biochemistry 39: 951-956.
Sugisaki Y, N Gunge, K Sakaguchi, M Yamasaki & G Tamura. 1985. Transfer of DNA killer plasmids from Kluyveromyces lactis to Kluyveromyces fragilis and Candida pseudotropicalis. J. Bacterial. 164: 1373-1375.
Tredoux HG, RP Tracey & A Tromp. 1986. Killer factor in wine yeasts and its effect on fermentation. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic. 7: 105-112.
Tsukamura M. 1969. Numerical taxonomy of the genus Nocardia. J. Gen. Microbiol. 56: 265-287.
van Vuuren HJJ & BD Wingfield. 1986. Killer yeasts: cause of stuck fermentations in a wine cellar. South Africa J. Enol. Viticult. 7: 114-118.
Walker GM, AH McLeod & VJ Hodgson. 1995. Interactions between killer yeasts and pathogenic fungi. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 127: 213-22.
Woese CR, O Kandlert & ML Wheelis. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms Proposal for the domains Archaea Bacteria and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87: 4576-4579.
Woods DR & EA Bevan. 1968. Studies on the nature of the killer factor produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Gen. Microbiol. 51: 115-117.
Yamaguchi H, T Hiratani, K Iwata & Y Yamamoto. 1982. Studies on the mechanism of antifungal action of aculeacin A. J. Antibiot. 35: 210-219.
Yamamoto T, T Iratani, H Hirata, M Imai & H Yamaguchi. 1986. Killer toxin from Hansenula mrakii selectively inhibits cell wall synthesis in a sensitive yeast. FEBS Lett. 197: 50-54.
Yamamoto T, K Uchida & T Hiratani. 1988. In vitro activity of the killer toxin from yeast Hansenula mrakii against yeast and mould. J. Antibiotics 41: 398-403.
Young TK. 1987. Killer yeasts, p. 131-164. In: AH Rose & JD Harrison (eds.). The yeasts. New York: Academic Press.
Young TW. 1981. The genetic manipulation of killer character into brewing yeast. J. Inst. Brew. 87: 292-295.
Young TW & M Yorgiu. 1978. A comparison of the killer character in different yeasts and its classification. Antonie van Leewenhoek 44: 59-77.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
