FOUCAULT E A CRÍTICA ÀS CIÊNCIAS:

“ANTECÂMARAS” DA ARQUEOLOGIA

Abstract

The “Preface to the second edition” of Kant’s Criique of Pure Reason says that logic is not a Science, but its “antechamber”. In Other words, the formality of its rules is a basic requirement for the constitution of all sciences, the logical construction of their arguments or expositions, although it is not a science as such. In the 1960s Michel Foucault developed his archeological project. In a similar comparison to what Kant made, mutatis mutandis, what were the “conditions of possibility” for this new method of study created by Foucault to be carried forward? According to the position we want to defend here, an unavoidable requirement would be to try to understand either the very constitution of the sciences that stood as models of approaching the real, their mechanisms and perhaps distortions – according to countless “appeasing images” that we head of them – or, for all this, the legitimacy to propose another path of approach in the sphere of knowledge. Foucault's initial texts on psychology, added to his History of Madness, open promising paths for a new archaeological method that would be proposed. But, above all, they constitute vast material for a critique of the modus operandi of the sciences that has never been left aside...